Symptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder - 2370 Words

Abstract Bipolar Disorder is a mood disorder that affects approximately 2.6% of adults over the age of 18 years old in the United States. The disorder is characterized by mood shifts from low depressed states to high manic states. Little is known of what the causes of bipolar disorder are, but as technology advances more research is being done to pinpoint the areas of the brain that cause bipolar disorder and the shifts in mood. One intriguing area of study for a possible cause surrounds NMDA receptors and their role in synaptic plasticity. This paper will explore the possible alternative treatment that has arisen from the research into NMDA receptors and the use of the drug Ketamine, an NMDA antagonist. In studies, Ketamine treatments†¦show more content†¦Not knowing the exact causes of the disorder then makes finding the right treatment much more difficult. Without knowing what to target, doctors are left trying a wide range of medications, therapies and other treatments i n attempting to stabilize their patient’s often debilitating symptoms. In 2012, I was diagnosed with bipolar II disorder and since then have tried a variety of different medications and treatments to find a way to stabilize my moods. Recently, with the help of Lithium I have felt better and definitely more stable but far from cured and I am still always weary of having an episode. One of the hardest parts of living with bipolar disorder does not even have to do with its effects; it has to do with not knowing what causes myself and many other people around the world to feel this way and every new piece research that comes out brings us one step closer to figuring it out. New research is bringing the Glutamate Cycle and specifically the role of NMDA receptors, into conversations about their potential role in causing bipolar disorder and perhaps other disorders. NMDA receptors play a role in synaptic plasticity and this is adding to the hypothesis that increasingly more researchers have that synaptic plasticity plays an important role in causing mental disorders. Ketamine, an NMDA antagonist, has shown to produce rapid onset and prolonged relief of symptoms for patients with bipolar disorder administered the drug. These results

A Case Study Of No Child Left Behind - 1291 Words

547 For more than a decade the mandates of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) has placed enormous pressure on schools. This pressure required schools/school districts to evaluate and change the manner in which they conduct the business of education. Some of the areas that received heightened attention are; student achievement, teacher effectiveness and school accountability, all of which continue to be scrutinized. This scrutiny is not isolated to primarily one state or territory. In fact; the article Exiting Program Improvement (2014), backed this notion. The researchers in this article conducted a qualitative case study of ten (10) school principals in the state of California. At the time of this study the data demonstrated the†¦show more content†¦As mentioned in the article this was an issue that the principals in question would not have been able to change. However, that was not a reason for hindering their beliefs in student achievement. Instead they knew that they could make a difference with the time allotted in school. This meant that their teachers would have to foster a culture of providing high quality instruction for all students, while each student was at school. Many of the students at the schools in question were from low socio-economic status and the notion was that many of them would not be high achievers this one belief that had to be reworked into the school culture that all of the students would be great achievers. Another important fact noted by one principal is that they had to move towards shifting of cultural issues. Because if these issues were not addressed there is no chance that the educational problems(achievement) would ever be accomplished. Next, point highlighted was the fact that a schools culture cannot be changed if the issue of staff motivation was not addressed. 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Accounting Theory of Finance- Free-Samples - Assignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.You are required to find a Newspaper articles which is from professional journal like in In The Black, CAANZ etc major issue should be highlighted and relate them with the concept of article and theories like normative theories, positive theories, measurement issue. 2.Explain assumption behind three theories like Public Interest, Private Interest and Capture Theories and evaluate which one best explain each of the comment letters. Answers: 1.This is an article published on 16th January 2017 in accounting today that explains about the new tax rules for 2017. It is seen that the New Year looks to be a demanding one for the people who practice tax as the new elected President of USA, Donald Trump and his fellow Republican have assured to perform a tax transformation packages in the year 2017. Conversely, if there is no new law, the tax consultant still requires handling a large number of changes in tax that have been implemented for the first time in this year or are applicable for the first time for tax returns that will be documented this year (Appelbaum et al., 2013). The article that in discussion provides a summary of all such changes in tax, other than manifesting alterations and the transformations that have been established by the failure of the Congress, to act as a package of the extenders to bring back the tax provisions that had finished with the end of the year 2016. The various changes that are in order to be included are discussed below: Higher floor beneath medical expenses for the seniors The tax year that is starting after December 2016, it is seen that the floor under the deductions that are itemized for the medical expenditure of the tax payers who are of the age of 65 years and above, is raised from 7.5 percent to AGI to 10% of the AGI (Liu et al., 2014). Some Taxpayers may require new ITINS It is seen that an individual who is documenting their return on tax in USA is required to reveal their taxpayer identification number while filing and paying their return. The taxpayer identification number is referred to as an Individuals Social Security Number. Conversely, in situations when the people who are not issued Social Security Number as they are not eligible, but they are to file their tax returns, the IRS provides individual taxpayer identification numbers that can be used with respect to the individuals tax filing needs (Brownlee 2016). It is seen that the 2015 Protecting Americans from the Tax Hikes Act has provided that an ITIN will get terminated if a person is unable to file their tax returns for three years consecutively. It is seen that under this new rule, the individuals who possess an ITIN that have not been utilised for once in the past three years will no longer be able to utilize that ITIN on a tax returns from January 1 2017 (DeLong et al., 2016). Furthermore, people who have been given ITINs before the year 2013 are needed to renew their ITINs on a astounding schedule between 2017 and 2020. Conversely, only the holders of ITIN who are required to file a tax return in the year 2017, requires renewing their ITINs and the others are not required to undertake any actions. Accelerated due dates for W-2s, 1099s, The wages that are paid to the staffs and employees and the taxes that are subtracted from the wages of the employees before 2016, the employers are to file these tax in Form W-2 with the Social Security Administration by the end of 28Th February of this year and following the calendar year for which the tax return had to be documented making use of the Form W-3, that is a Transmittal of Wage and Tax Statements, for the people for whom the W-2s, the expiry data for returns electronically filed was March 31st. Additionally for payments that are before 2016, the tax payers had to file forms in the series of 1099 with the IRS on the last day or before February of that year by following the calendar year for which the return had to be paid (Gammon et al., 2016). For those of 1099, the expiry date for the return information that was electronically filed was March 31st. With respect to the 2015 PATH Act, starting with the forms that were documented in 2017, the Forms W-2, W-3 and the returns to the statement of the non-employee remuneration requires to be documented before or on 31st January of the year that follows the financial year to which such returns are associated. It is seen that these returns are no longer qualified for the elongated date of filing that will be doe electronically documented returns (Hallerberg Scartascini 2016). Furthermore, the increase of time to file W-2 with the SSA is found to be non-automatic. It is seen that for the filing of returns that are on or after January 01 2017, the taxpayers may ask for an extension for thirty days by submitting Form 8809, the Application for Extension of Time to File Information Returns. Revised due-date for partnership and C corporations returns It is seen that under the Surface Transportation and the Veterans Health Care Choice Improvement Act of 2015 that will be active commonly for any returns for the tax year that starts after 31st December 2015 (Freedman2017). The partnerships along with the S corporations, requires filing their taxes before the 15th day of the third month after the taxation year ends. In case of returns that are paid before hand, the partnerships are to file by the 15th day of the fourth mo nth after the expiration of the taxation year. It is seen that C corporations are required to file within the 15th day of month four after the conclusion of the taxation year. Conversely, for the C corporations with the taxation year that ends on June 30, the return date stays to be the 15th day of the third month after the conclusion of the tax year (Martorano 2016). The corporations having short tax years that ends anytime in June are looked as the year had ended on June 30 and they are required to file within the 15th day of the third month. Revised automatic extension rules for corporations Under the Surface Transpiration and Veterans Healthy care Choice Improvement Act of 2015, that is effective for the tax payers returns that starts after December 2015, that starts after 31st December 2015 that are for the 2016 tax year returns that are documented in the year 2017, the three month automatic extension during the time for the returns of the corporate in Code Sec.6081 (b) is transformed to be an mechanical six month extension (Konvisarova et al., 2016). Safe harbor for the de minimis errors on information returns and the payee statements It is seen that in general, except where there is justifiable cause and no wilful abandon and has few other exceptions, a malfunction to bring in all the information that are necessary to be revealed on the information return or a statement of payee in accordance to a return on information, or any addition of wrong information on a return on information or payee statement will lead to penalty (Accounting Today 2017). There are various factors that decide the penalty amount and this includes whether the taxpayer is a small business. Qualified Small employer HRAs exempt from ACA market changes requirements It is commonly effectual for the year initiates after 31st December 2016; the 21st Century Cures Act reveals that a skilled small employer HRA is not regarded as a group health scheme for the purpose of income tax, as transformed and not enduring any other provisions. There are various exceptions that are similar for ERISA and the Public Health Services Act intensions (Plummer 2016). Therefore, under this act, a skilled employer HRA wills not facade the Affordable Care Act market transformations needs. Transformations for the alternative tax election by non-life insurance companies With respect to the former Code Sec, 831 (b), the non-life insurance companies with the premiums that are new written or the direct written premiums if increased not more than $1.2 million in the taxation year that could be chosen to be taxed at a normal corporate rate, only on the investment income and not being taxed on the underwriting income and the investment income. Under the 2015 Protecting Americans from the Tax Hikes Act for the taxation years starting after 31st December 2015, the $1.2 million maximum value of annual premiums rising to $2.2 million and is regulated for the effect of inflation (Accounting Today 2017). Furthermore, for the tax payers that start after 31st December 2016, a classification need is applicable if a non-life insurance organization makes the election. Increased User fees for pre-filling agreements The process of pre-filling agreement permits the large business and the taxpayers who are international to ask for an investigation and determine particular issues that are associated to the returns that are not due or are filed. The taxpayers have to pay a user fee if they are elected to participate in the PFA program, Under Rev Proc 2016-30, 2016-21 IRB, for PFA requests that are presented on or after January 1 2017, the fee rises from $134,000 to $ 218,600. It is seen that a fee is examined for each distinct and separate issue (Accounting Today 2017). Therefore, it can be said that these changes in the taxation can be useful for computing the accounts for the businesses and individuals. 2.The paper looks to analyse the improvement proposals laid down by FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) with respect to the Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting that is related to the Compensation Stock. It is seen that four respondents were taken into consideration who provide comment on the exposure draft and the analysis of the paper reveals that surplus tax benefit and deficiency recognition in the income statement should not be undertaken and a Symmetrical Equity Approach should be implemented in order to reduce the volatility of the expenses from the Income Statement. Introduction There are various accounting standards that are being introduced and recommended by the Financial Accounting Standard Boards and the Board prefers comments and exposure drafts from the various industries and corporate bodies. It is seen that the feedback from the various corporate bodies is influential for the financial boards to undertake changes in their accounting standards that will improve the standards that will help the corporate bodies to implement these standards. The proposal that is under discussion involves the proposed accounting standards and updating compensation stock compensation with the topic number being 718. The accounting standard that is under consideration is Improvements to Non-employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. It is seen that improvements in the non-employee share-based payment accounting is important for the decrease in the cost and complexities that are seen while maintaining and developing the information usefulness that are given out by the financial reports (Peterson et al., 2014). The paper has taken into consideration four respondents out of the overall comments that have been given in the accounting board websites. It is seen that the analysis of the four comments from the respondents will be influential for the analysis of the accounting standards to get an overview of the issues that are taken into consideration. The further aim is to understand the how the implementation of such standards can improve the accounting standard as a whole (Pierce et al., 2014). The report will finally evaluate the agreed and the disagreed comments of the various respondents and thereby a conclusion can be attained that whether the standard is ideal or not. Proposal The paper takes into consideration a current proposed improvement in the accounting standard so that the intentions of the non-employee shared based payment accounting can be improved. It is seen that developments in the non-employee share based payment accounting is important so that the sentiments of the non-employees in an organization can be maintained and the organizations can operate in the business properly (www.fasb.org/cs 2017). A good relationship between the employees and the organization creates a proper operating environment and therefore improvement in such payment accounting system is important. The standard has recommended various ideas and encourages all the organizations from various industries to take part in the commenting process the feedback can be gained. The changes are laid down in the form questions by the FASB and it is the job of the organizations to answer these questions by being in favour or in disagreement to the questions (Ng Gilbert 2016). There are various questions that have been laid down and all these are not mandatory to be answered. The organizations answer to only those questions that are in relation to their business and therefore, it is seen that exact answer related to the use of these standards can be obtained from different industrial sector (Board 2014). The questions talk about the tax benefits and deficiencies, complexity and cost while maintaining the information that are available in the financial statements, what should be the relationship between the cash flow and additional tax benefits be classified as, permission for the entities to undertake accounting policies election, proposed expansion of the business, tax payment process etc. The feedback of these answers will determine that the changes that have recommended can be useful to the economy or not. Debate So Far It was discussed earlier in the paper that answers from four respondents will be taken in order to understand the agreement or the disagreement of the changes that are recommended in the accounting standards (Liu et al., 2014). The answers given out by the first respondent is discussed as follows: Heiskell and MacGillivray and Associates This is an accounting and an auditing firm that operates in Australia and they provide answers to the questions that are related to the new and improved accounting standards. They agree to the elimination of the PIC pool of accounting and thereby minimize the level of cost and complexity in the process of such accounting. The firm even agrees to they feel that the associated expense for the compensation is even included in the income statement and therefore the tax deficits and the benefits are equally important to be implemented. The firm even agrees that there should be minimum delays for the identification of the surplus tax benefits (King 2013). In relation to the third question that is related to the classification of the tax cash flows within the operating activity, the firm agrees to it saying that such actions requires to be called an operational activity. It is seen that Heiskell and MacGillivray and Associates agree and say yes to the all the questions that has been laid do wn by FASB revealing that they are happy with the changes that have been proposed with respect to the non-employee share based accounting payments. Raytheon Company Raytheon is a company that is an innovative and technological leader who are known for their defence technologies, security tools and civil market software throughout the world. It is an US based organization that looks to build strong corporate governance. The organizations answer only the questions 2, 3 and 5 that are available in the exposure draft. It is seen that this firm disagrees with Heiskell and MacGillivary and Associates with the second question and disagrees with the proposed approach that the standard had recommended with respect to the identification of the additional tax benefits and the tax deficiencies within the income statement (Silny Schiller 2015). However, they believe that FASB should pursue a model where all the deficits and benefits of the excess tax are shown in the equity. They suggest the use of Symmetrical Equity Approach that will provide much better results with respect to the Board recommended approach. The organization with respect to question 3 agrees with the suggestion given out by the FASB and suggests that tax related cash flows should be considered as an operating activity (Bruesewitz et al., 2014). The organization even agrees to the suggestions that have been laid down in the fifth question in the exposure draft and claims that they permit the withholding the amount up to the highest marginal rate of tax that is applicable. American Bankers Association The American Bankers Association is an association where participants of all the banks that operate in USA are present and they look forward to improve the banking system and the operational activities of a bank. The Association appreciates the changes that have been proposed by FASB with respect to the improvements in the Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting and thus looks to answer the questions that have been laid down in the exposure draft. It is seen that the association answers all the questions and disagrees to one question (American Bankers Association American Bankers Association 2013). The Association opposes the identification of the excess tax benefits and the deficiencies to be income statement directly. The Association explains clearly that the identification of the additional taxes on the income statement would create a difference in financial report and the compensation expenses. Visa Inc The company is a global leader in the online payments technology and tries to improve the payment all over the world. The company even appreciates the opportunity to provide suggestions on the improvements proposed by FASB. It is seen that the company answers almost all the questions in the exposure draft and it is seen that they agree to all the propositions that have been stated by the Board but disagree with the suggestion of the additional tax benefits and deficiencies to be recognised in the income statement (Lee et al., 2014). They believe the proposal of FASB may reduce complexities for certain companies, but may raise the volatility of expenses related to the income tax. Importance of the Proposal The importance of the proposal reveals that these improvements are necessary with respect to the employee share-based payment accounting so that the compensation over the stock can be improved (Ranco et al., 2015). The proposal has been intended to improve the preparation of the financial report and lowering of the work pressure of the accountants and even making the cash paid by the employer for the shares will be helpful for the tax holding purposes of the employees. Conclusion The analysis of the proposals provided by the FASB with respect to the employee share-based payment accounting shows that leaving one of the four respondents that is Weiskell and MacGillivray Association, the others feel that changes in the proposal with respect to the recognition of the additional tax benefits and deficiencies in the income statement. The other proposals are agreed upon by all the respondents but this proposal is neglected as it may create volatility of the expenditures within the income statement. Therefore, it can be said that improvement in this segment will improve the scenario of the improvements related to the employee stock-based payment accounting. Reference List American Bankers Association, American Bankers Association. (2013, July). Feb. 2012. Web. Appelbaum, E., Batt, R., Clark, I. (2013). Implications of financial capitalism for employment relations research: evidence from breach of trust and implicit contracts in private equity buyouts.British journal of industrial relations,51(3), 498-518. Board, F. S. (2014). Adequacy of loss-absorbing capacity of global systemically important banks in resolution.consultative document,10, 2014. Brownlee, W. E. (2016). Federal Taxation in America. Cambridge University Press. Bruesewitz, B. J., Hilgers, N., Faith, P., Siegel, K., Li, X., Koganti, K., O'connell, C. (2014).U.S. Patent No. 8,706,641. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. DeLong, H., Chriqui, J., Leider, J., Chaloupka, F. J. (2016). Common state mechanisms regulating tribal tobacco taxation and sales, the USA, 2015. Tobacco control, 25(Suppl 1), i32-i37. Freedman, J. (2017). Tax and Brexit. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 33(suppl_1), S79-S90. Gammon, D. G., Loomis, B. R., Dench, D. L., King, B. A., Fulmer, E. B., Rogers, T. (2016). Effect of price changes in little cigars and cigarettes on little cigar sales: USA, Q4 2011Q4 2013. Tobacco Control, 25(5), 538-544. Hallerberg, M., Scartascini, C. (2016). Explaining changes in tax burdens in Latin America: Do politics trump economics?. European Journal of Political Economy. Hollensbe, E., Wookey, C., Hickey, L., George, G., Nichols, C. V. (2014). Organizations with purpose.Academy of Management Journal,57(5), 1227-1234. Humphreys, A., Thompson, C. J. (2014). Branding disaster: Reestablishing trust through the ideological containment of systemic risk anxieties.Journal of Consumer Research,41(4), 877-910. King, P. J. L. (2013).The forgotten warriors: Keetoowah abolitionists, revitalization, the search for modernity and the struggle for autonomy in the Cherokee Nation, 18001866. The University of Oklahoma. Konvisarova, E. V., Stihiljas, I. V., Koren, A. V., Kuzmicheva, I. A., Danilovskih, T. E. (2016). Principles of Profit Taxation of Commercial Banks in Russia and Abroad. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 6(8S). Lee, H., Surdeanu, M., MacCartney, B., Jurafsky, D. (2014, May). On the Importance of Text Analysis for Stock Price Prediction. InLREC(pp. 1170-1175). Liu, F., Hilgers, N., Nelsen, M., Siegel, K., Brown, C., Dwyer, T. (2014).U.S. Patent No. 8,924,279. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Martorano, B. (2016). Taxation and inequality in developing countries-Lessons from the recent experience of Latin America. New tax rules for 2017. (2017). Accounting Today. Retrieved 14 May 2017, from https://www.accountingtoday.com/opinion/new-tax-rules-for-2017 Ng, J., Gilbert, C. G. (2016).U.S. Patent No. 9,323,877. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Peterson, S. C., Petelenz, T. J., Jacobsen, S. C. (2014).U.S. Patent No. 8,721,559. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Pierce, R. J., Morrison, A. B., Glicksman, R. L. (2014). Amicus Curiae Brief of Administrative Law Scholars in Support of the Petitions Mortgage Bankers Association v. Harris. Plummer, E. (2016). THREE RECENT STATE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS AFFECTING THE STATE AND LOCAL TAXATION OF ENERGY. Petroleum Accounting and Financial Management Journal, 35(3), 78. Proposed Accounting Standards UpdateCompensationStock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting. (2017).Fasb.org. Retrieved 9 May 2017, from https://www.fasb.org/cs/ContentServer?c=Document_Cpagename=FASB%2FDocument_C%2FDocumentPagecid=1176168873667 Ranco, G., Aleksovski, D., Caldarelli, G., Mozeti?, I. (2015). Investigating the relations between twitter sentiment and stock prices.arXiv preprint arxiv:1506.02431. Scruggs, C. E., Van Buren III, H. J. (2016). Why Leading Consumer Product Companies Develop Proactive Chemical Management Strategies.Business Society,55(5), 635-675. Silny, J. F., Schiller, S. J. (2015).U.S. Patent No. 9,068,886. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

The Young Turks Essay Example For Students

The Young Turks Essay Through my research, of the websites and book listed in the works cited section of my paper, I have found that the Young Turks have been an important part of Turkish and Armenian history. The young Turks were a coalition of reform groups that led a revolutionary movement against the Ottoman Empires Sultan Abdulhamid the Second. They opposed him because of the absolute power he had, and because they wanted to eliminate foreign influence, and to restore Turkish pride. The Young Turks movement was started in the Imperial Medical college of Istanbul. In Istanbul it spread to other colleges including the military institutes. When Abdulhamid the Second, the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, learned of their plot against him he exiled the students. The Young Turks fled to various cities in Europe. It was here that the preparations for their revolution took place. An important Young Turk was Ahmed Riza, who was part of the Committee of Union and Progress, which was an influential Young Turk organization. He pushed for a strong central government and he was against all foreign influence. When the Young Turks came to power these ideas were important in their policies. We will write a custom essay on The Young Turks specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The revolution occurred when discontented members of the Ottomans Army, the Committee of Union and Progress, and another group called the League of Private Initiative and Decentralization all agreed to work together. The revolt took place in 1908. Ahmed Niyazi a member of the Third Army Corps led a small revolt against provincial authorities; other revolutionaries holding revolts that were inspired by Ahmed’s followed this. Since the Sultan could not rely on his military to support him he recalled parliament and in 1913 the triumvirate of Talat Pasa, Ahmed Cemel Pasa, and Enver Pasa gained power. Under the triumvirate the Young Turks major reforms took place. Their reforms led to a more centralized government; they promoted industrialization, and improved education. The Young Turks lost power in 1918. Hoping to gain political power they joined in on World War One on the side of the Germans, and the Central Powers. They did this thinking that Germany had a superior army. When the Young Turks realized defeat was coming they resigned their power and the Ottomans ended up signing the Armistice of Mudros ending Turkey’s involvement in the war. The Young Turks are important to Armenian history because of the treatment the Armenians received under their control. The Young Turks preached cooperation between themselves and the minority groups in Turkey before they gained power. When the Young Turks took control they did not follow their ideas of cooperation. In 1913 at the city of Adana 30,000 Armenians were killed. When World War One broke out the Young Turks looked at it as a perfect opportunity to dispose of, what they looked at as a problem, Armenians. The government intentionally tried to eliminate the Armenians. Armenian leaders were killed. The rest were forced to relocate into the deserts of Syria, Arabia, and Mesopotamia. During these marches many Armenians were flogged to death, burned, bayoneted, buried alive in pits, drowned in rivers, beheaded, raped, abducted into harems, or just simply died of exhaustion. This genocide, conducted by the Young Turks, took the lives of 1.5 million Armenians.Bibliography:Works Cite dBalakian, Peter. Black Dog of Fate. New York: Broadway Books, 1997. CedarLand. 20 Febuary 2001. The Armenian Genocide. 20 Febuary 2001http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Parliament/2587/armenia.htmlEncyclopedia Britanica. 20 February 2001. Young Turks. 20 February 2001

Evolution and future of mobile marketing Essays

Evolution and future of mobile marketing Essays Evolution and future of mobile marketing Essay Evolution and future of mobile marketing Essay Introduction These yearss advertisement runs have become a hard undertaking for an advertizer because of of all time increasing client s standards for judging the return on investing every bit good as to carry through the targeted client s outlooks. Invention is the cant in the industry as it tries to make selling chances and challenges. Mobile selling is a signifier of advertisement that targets users of handheld such as nomadic phones and PDA s. Its tagline is anytime anywhere selling. The nomadic advertisement industry has come of age and has revolutionised the manner the consumer receives advertisement. With over half the universe s population having a nomadic phone, its possible is yet to be to the full exploited. This research will seek to research the challenges that the industry face to go a mainstream mass media through some secondary research, imperativeness releases and my industry contacts. It will besides do an effort to place the hereafter of nomadic advertisement particularly in In dia taking into history the bing platforms, under development platforms and planned platforms. Besides, an of import consideration will be the consumer perceptual experience of this medium and understanding their outlooks. Aim The primary aim of this thesis is to analyze: The survey the development of nomadic selling particularly in India. Attempt to place the hereafter of nomadic advertisement. Attempt to research consumers reactivity to mobile selling. To cognize the public-service corporation of nomadic advertisement, every bit far as holding an impact on purchase determination of a client is concerned. Justification FOR THE STUDY Mobile advertisement is a important vertical of my concern in India, providing to MNC s in India. I am besides be aftering a nomadic selling merchandise in the close hereafter. Furthermore, nomadic selling has still lot of manner to travel to go a mainstream media with a batch of chance for growing. This will turn out to be a ambitious research as it will seek to place the advertizer, consumer attitude towards nomadic advertisement while taking into history the technological promotions of this industry which will be really fruitful for me when I will get down development of my merchandise. Hence, would wish to prosecute it as my country of survey. RESEARCH QUESTION With consideration to my background in this industry, this research proposes to show an penetration into the development and the possible hereafter of the nomadic advertisement market. The following are my chief research inquiries: How nomadic advertisement evolved particularly in India? Technological developments till day of the month? Key participants within the industry? Future programs made to develop the content and measurement capablenesss of nomadic advertisement? Consumer receptivity of this medium? Defects of the bing platforms? How the consumers from different locations react to similar advertisement? The ultimate purpose will be to place a advertisement platform that is based on permission or inducement based theoretical account which while set uping new clients can keep trade name trueness without compromising on advertisement experience of both the trade name and the consumer. LITERATURE REVIEW Assorted surveies have been done by names Heinonen A ; Strandvik, Advertising Research Foundation, Harvey, who all have advocated he mobile advertisement as an effectual advertisement medium. Besides, a batch of web-based beginnings every bit good as my industry contacts will be utile in collating some utile research informations. Research Methodology Probe will be based upon: Web-Based Research taking into consideration four sectors of this industry: makers, advertisement bureaus, publicizing trade names and consumers. Consumer information will be gathered from a scope of dependable beginnings such as engineering service suppliers who have existent clip informations to back up its success. Real universe instance surveies Trustworthiness of Datas The wide scope of stuff collated for this research comes from a assortment of beginnings, and although whilst every attempt will be made to traverse cheque and formalize these findings, the truth of some of the stuff can non be guaranteed. The bulk of sentiments formed within this research will nevertheless, be taken straight from the beginning, which will supply credibleness and dependableness to the information. However, many of the interviews with cardinal figures will be collected from specializer web sites that are in direct connexion with the industry, and although the dependability of these sites may be questioned, the repute of such sites provides sufficient backup for the information to be trusted. The concluding decision shall be drawn by myself, the writer, and will be derived from all the informations and information collected.

Environments and Organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Environments and Organizations - Essay Example The art is in finding equilibrium between the two and that is the strategy. With this perception, strategist proceeds to find successful combinations of the organization/environment through strategy. This paradigm has been challenged by Smirchich and Stubbart (1985) who claim that current theories wrongly perceive that environments dictate strategies and that environments themselves are a creation of actions of organizations. They argue that all actions by all people in the organization contribute to the development of the environment. This is almost diagonally opposite thinking. They break the existing assumption that organization is entrenched in and confined to the environment. Ordinarily, strategists make imaginary linkages between events, objectives, and activities and create the environment. But for Smirchich and Stubbart both the environment and the organization are results of what they term as â€Å"enactment†. They support this radical thinking by stating that the soc ial interactions of the important members of the organization produce both the organization and the environment. This novel virtual framework simulates and creates the environment. Resultantly it is the patterns of activities that are labeled as organizations and environments and paves the way to find new strategies. It becomes the job of the strategist to find meaning and interpretations of these activities or enactments to determine strategies. The enactment theory decidedly discards the idea of a concrete, material organization/environment nexus and adopts a socially created symbolic world (Winch 1958). There is no such thing as an industry and it is the pattern of activities that end up as manufacturing or distribution.This gives rise to new methodologies of managing in the enacted world. The managers do not set objectives; rather they seek answers to questions like what to do and where to go. This creativity forms the strategy by thinking out of the box.

What function does religion play in human society Why is religion Essay

What function does religion play in human society Why is religion Universal Is there an evolutionary explanation or a social phenomenon - Essay Example It also explores the reasons why human society appears to be so fond of religious expressions, looking at both evolutionary and social explanations for its popularity. There are many religions in the world, and they can appear very different to observers, but they share three main features in common: there is faith in something supernatural; there is a system of beliefs that adherents sign up to, and there is a set of ritual behaviors which believers follow as a way of expressing their religion (Palomar College, 2011). These things work together to help people formulate a world view, in which there is meaning and purpose. Human beings have a high intelligence compared to other animals, and religion appears to be both a result of the ability to reason with an advanced brain, and of the need to have explanations for things so that future actions can be properly planned. It could be, then, that religion serves an evolutionary purpose, in helping people to understand the environment and adapt to its changes. Its universality is due to the way that the human mind works, seeking out answers to things. This curiosity and search for understanding lies behind human progress through different stages of technology and is a fundamental feature of the homo sapiens species. This evolutionary explanation shows that the first function that religion plays in human society is therefore â€Å"to provide a sense of order in what might otherwise be seen as a chaotic existence.† (Palomar College, 2011) Religion provides a collective framework which people use to interpret inexplicable events like natural disasters or the changing seasons. The supernatural dimension arises because human beings know that their own power and understanding is limited, and that there are forces far bigger and stronger than they are. Religion is needed to explain how human beings fit into the universe around them. This has a dual function, first in providing a connection between humans and these gr eater forces, and secondly in allowing people to harness these powers and let them affect their daily lives: â€Å"religion tunes human actions to an envisaged cosmic order and projects images of cosmic order onto the plane of human experience† (Geertz, p. 90) This binds human beings to their environment more closely and explains why so many religions have connections with the sky, the sun and weather phenomena. By developing a set of beliefs around these phenomena, people make them more comprehensible, and less frightening. This is a psychological need which minimizes stress, and provides some security for people who could otherwise feel afraid and lost in a world that can bring unexpected events at any moment. The first and most important reason for the universal existence of religion in human societies is therefore the evolutionary advantage that it gives, but the second reason has more to do with the way that human beings live in social groups. Forming groups appears to b e a common behavior in many different animal types, and these groups create safety in numbers against predators and a hostile environment. One of the ways that groups determine the boundaries between one another is to have different cultures, or ways of doing things. Religions are an important way of forming groups. Many of the rituals that religions have are initiation rituals, such as circumcision, baptism, trials of faith, etc. which demonstrate who has become a member of the group and who has not. Following the rituals of religion binds the